Which of the following is considered a preventive medicine service?

A routine check-up is considered a preventive medicine service because it is specifically designed to prevent illness or detect health problems before they become serious. These types of services typically include assessments that monitor patients' overall health, screenings for various conditions based on age and risk factors, immunizations, and health guidance. Preventive services aim to promote health and prevent disease, rather than treating existing conditions.

In contrast, counseling for drug abuse, while important for managing and addressing substance use issues, is more about treatment than prevention. Surgery is an intervention aimed at treating existing medical conditions or injuries, rather than preventing them. Physical rehabilitation focuses on recovery and restoring function after an injury or illness, which is also a response to existing health issues rather than a preventive measure. Hence, the routine check-up stands out as the primary example of a preventive medicine service within the context provided.